tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-53223213394347212752024-03-13T20:26:21.726-07:00Saionaimer, Chamae, fertilizante natural, orgánico, camaleónSaionaimer, Chamae, fertilizante natural, orgánico, camaleón, biomimetismo, bio, naturaleza, fertilizar, abono, abonos,abonar, abonado, Saionaimer Tastavins, Dan Ferrer, Valderrobres, Vizcaya, Peñarroya de TastavinsRamón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comBlogger17125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-12704110646547836732024-03-11T02:50:00.000-07:002024-03-11T02:50:04.511-07:00Portfolio<p> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBeyrEDXTzMDfwKAZS91DYHu3vIsw0Pu4r949CwR5Nz9k3A5_TlMjWvcZkesvcnarnkilqUIj28E-S0fDB2F2ZfOMowtzwQe043cJMfN-n74wsUC6jTj6rVTlmEF0PmjGG7sm-79uTJfPoG8ZLyJBNsX6dy3MUsy0hSD7gh4O57KeNwCzsKJMUkRpyhSE/s720/pantano3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><img alt="Ramón Guimerá Lorente, Moncho de Beceite, Beseit" border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="540" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBeyrEDXTzMDfwKAZS91DYHu3vIsw0Pu4r949CwR5Nz9k3A5_TlMjWvcZkesvcnarnkilqUIj28E-S0fDB2F2ZfOMowtzwQe043cJMfN-n74wsUC6jTj6rVTlmEF0PmjGG7sm-79uTJfPoG8ZLyJBNsX6dy3MUsy0hSD7gh4O57KeNwCzsKJMUkRpyhSE/w480-h640/pantano3.jpg" title="Ramón Guimerá Lorente, Moncho de Beceite, Beseit" width="480" /></span></a></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://ramonguimeralorente.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ramón Guimerá Lorente</a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://beceite.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Beceite blog, Beseit</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://beseit-beceite.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Beseit en chapurriau</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; font-family: verdana; font-size: medium; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank">yo parlo lo chapurriau</a> y lo escric</span></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chapurriau al Wordpress</a><br /><br /><a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lo Decamerón en chapurriau</a></span></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://lopapaparlechapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">lo Papa de Roma parle Chapurriau</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; 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box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://buy-ham-comprar-jamon.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">buy ham, comprar jamón</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://cachondeotomaset.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">cachondeo Tomaset</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueblos del Matarraña, pobles del Matarranya</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://construccionesginer.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">fallos en la construcción</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://sensals.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sensals, vino de Lledó</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://campingbeceite.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Camping Beceite, La Planeta</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://campingbeceitebeseit.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Camping Beceite Beseit</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow external" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saionaimer, Chamae</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los libros de Moncho</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://raultrialero.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Raúl Guimerá Gasulla, trialero, trial, motos</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://profesarios.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Profesarios, profesores y empresarios</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://comprar-juguetes-espana.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comprar juguetes España</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://tabarnia-independent.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tabarnia independent</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://nordcapoutdoor.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nordcap Outdoor Bekleidung</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://kweichowmoutai.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank">kweichow moutai</a> (licor chino)</span></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://whiskypedia-johnniewalker.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">whiskypedia Johnnie walker</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://stubaiprodukte.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Stubai Produkte</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://dachsteinschuhe.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dachstein Schuhe</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://royalspencer.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Royal Spencer</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://miele-electrodomesticos.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miele electrodomésticos</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://johannlafer.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Johann Lafer</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://xantano.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Xantano, Xanthan</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://parklanejoyas.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Park Lane joyas</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="http://electroluxhome.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Electrolux home</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://lastenfahrrad.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lastenfahrrad, Anhänger</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://floresmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: rgb(15, 15, 15) 0px -1px 0px inset; box-sizing: inherit; color: #222222; transition: all 80ms ease-in 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s, all 130ms ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; 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font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://search.yahoo.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yahoo search</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://www.baidu.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Baidu (chino)</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://duckduckgo.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">duckduckgo</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://yandex.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yandex</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://es.ask.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ask</span></a></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><a href="https://es.quora.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quora</span></a></div>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-73072532431956060622018-05-01T12:30:00.001-07:002018-05-01T12:34:26.558-07:00Guano<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El <b><a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=guano&rh=i:aps,k:guano&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=33c5e01dd032e4cebc64237ef1b62f43" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">guano</a></b> (del quechua <b><a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=guano&rh=i:aps,k:guano&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=33c5e01dd032e4cebc64237ef1b62f43" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">wánu</a></b>, '<b><a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=guano&rh=i:aps,k:guano&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=33c5e01dd032e4cebc64237ef1b62f43" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">abono</a></b>') es el <i>sustrato</i> resultante de la acumulación masiva de <i>excrementos de murciélagos</i>, <i>aves marinas </i>y <i>focas</i> en ambientes <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=togo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">áridos</a> o de escasa humedad.</span><br />
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<a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=guano&rh=i:aps,k:guano&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=33c5e01dd032e4cebc64237ef1b62f43" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img alt="guano, abono, flores" border="0" data-original-height="218" data-original-width="218" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KtTFkBWyo8Q/Wui9TayCItI/AAAAAAAAR_A/l5NuoqjrKKMLwAOfdCdGPmQA6t6yo5amgCLcBGAs/s1600/41D8yP0zNVL._AC_US218_.jpg" title="guano, abono, flores" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Como abono, el guano es un <b>fertilizante</b> altamente efectivo debido a su excepcional contenido alto en los tres componentes principales para el crecimiento de las plantas: <i>nitrógeno</i>, <i>fósforo</i> y <i>potasio</i>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El <b>comercio de guano</b> durante el siglo XIX jugó un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de <b>prácticas agrícolas intensivas</b> y llevó a la colonización formal de islas remotas en muchas partes del mundo. Durante el siglo XX, las <i>aves productoras de guano</i> se convirtieron en un importante objetivo de conservación. Aún hoy el guano es un producto muy apreciado, especialmente en la <b>agricultura ecológica.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img alt="guano , del quechua wánu, abono" border="0" data-original-height="165" data-original-width="220" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ubHHAKUkLFw/Wuif_DxXwpI/AAAAAAAAR-c/L8AQ7fS5e5g4o0NJLhIBnqlq3G29UF-_ACLcBGAs/s400/Rockall_-_the_most_difficult_island_in_the_world_to_sleep_on_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1048828.jpg" title="guano ,del quechua wánu, abono" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El <b>guano de aves marinas</b> es rico en nitrógeno, <i>oxalato amónico</i> y <b>urea</b>, <i>fósforo</i> y <i>fosfatos</i>, además de sal terrestre e impurezas.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El guano procedente de depósitos locales frescos, como los de las <b>islas Chincha en Perú</b>, suelen contener de un 8 a un 16 % de <i>nitrógeno</i> (la mayoría procedente del <i>ácido úrico</i>), de un 8 a un 12 % de <i>ácido fosfórico</i>, y un 2 a 3 % de <b>potasa</b> equivalente.
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El <b>excremento fresco de murciélagos</b> comedores de insectos tiene niveles de nitrógeno similares a los procedentes de aves marinas y niveles altos de fosfato, pero el <b>guano de murciélago</b> generalmente tiene <i>menor valor fertilizante</i> debido a que el nitrógeno suele liberarse en los ambientes de cuevas.
El <b>suelo deficiente en materia orgánica</b> puede hacerse más productivo <b>abonándose con guano</b>. Éste está compuesto de <i>amoníaco</i>, <i>ácido úrico</i>, <i>fosfórico</i>, <i>oxálico</i> y <i>ácidos carbónicos</i>, sales e impurezas de la tierra. Tiene <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=pe%C3%B1arroya" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">color rojizo</a> cuando proviene de los yacimientos del Plioceno y el Pleistoceno, y es <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/cup/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amarillento</a> cuando es de formación reciente.
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El guano se recolecta de varias <b>islas</b> e <b>islotes</b> del océano Pacífico, particularmente del <i><a href="http://google.com.pe/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Perú</a></i> y <i>Nauru</i>, y en otros océanos (por ejemplo la isla Juan de Nova). Estas islas han sido el hogar de <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=colonia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">colonias</a> de aves marinas</b> durante siglos, y el guano acumulado tiene muchos metros de profundidad.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El guano de las islas, particularmente las islas Chincha, en el Perú, fue explotado en el siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX y fue su gran producto de exportación durante mucho tiempo.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A partir del año 1845 comenzó a explotarse, y por sus <b>propiedades como fertilizante </b>era importado por países como <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazonuk/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Inglaterra</a> y Estados Unidos.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El <b>guano peruano</b> sigue teniendo gran demanda por ser un <b>fertilizante natural</b>, por mor del auge de la<b> agricultura ecológica</b>, que sustituyen los <i>abonos artificiales </i>por los de origen natural.</span></div>
<ul style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; list-style: square outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Existen testimonios históricos de que se intentó darle uso medicinal al guano como la del señor Curet, capitán de la nave L´Eduard para las Californias que luego de visitar las islas Chinchas afirmó lo siguiente: "El guano es curativo, me he asegurado que en el país se usa con feliz resultado en baños y también al interior, en la lepra, en los herpes, escrófulas y gota" .</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El doctor Recamier también asegura haber curado una joven de 21 años de una fuerte afección herpética que era muy resistente y complicada con una tos, pero tuvo feliz curación con el uso de guano de la isla. Otro caso también complicado y que había durado 4 años es el de una mujer de 50 años con ulceraciones que fue rápidamente curada.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Ambos testimonios mencionados se pueden encontrar en la <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/ir-a-ebay-es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">revista LA COLMENA </a>redactado por Ángel Villalobos (1845).</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 26.4px;">El guano también puede designar al abono mineral fabricado a imitación del guano natural, usualmente con el sobrante de la pesca que no es aprovechable para alimentación, que en las pesquerías tradicionales se utiliza para producir abono. Como materia orgánica con poder calorífico, el guano se usó a principios del siglo XX en ciertos lugares de costa para producir electricidad, como fue el caso en </span>Isla Cristina <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 26.4px;">(suroeste de </span>España<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 26.4px;">), por la fábrica de electricidad que suministraba energía a la ciudad durante el primer tercio del siglo XX.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 26.4px;"><br /></span></span>
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<ol class="references" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li id="cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation enciclopedia" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014). <a class="external text" href="http://dle.rae.es/guano" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«guano»</a>. <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Diccionario de la lengua española</i> (23.ª edición). Madrid: Espasa. <small style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/isbn" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ISBN 978-84-670-4189-7</a></small>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AGuano&rft.atitle=Diccionario+de+la+lengua+espa%C3%B1ola&rft.au=Real+Academia+Espa%C3%B1ola+y+Asociaci%C3%B3n+de+Academias+de+la+Lengua+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.aulast=Real+Academia+Espa%C3%B1ola+y+Asociaci%C3%B3n+de+Academias+de+la+Lengua+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.btitle=guano&rft.date=2014&rft.edition=23.%C2%AA&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-84-670-4189-7&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Espasa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdle.rae.es%2Fguano&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SzpakPLOS-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none; background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation publicación" id="CITAREFSzpakLongstaffeMillaireWhite2012" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Szpak, Paul; Longstaffe, Fred J.; Millaire, Jean-Francois; White, Christine D. (2012). <a class="external text" href="http://www.academia.edu/1539499/Stable_Isotope_Biogeochemistry_of_Seabird_Guano_Fertilization_Results_from_Growth_Chamber_Studies_with_Maize_Zea_mays_" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry of Seabird Guano Fertilization: Results from Growth Chamber Studies with Maize (Zea mays)»</a>. <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PLoS One</i> <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">7</b>: e33741.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AGuano&rft.atitle=Stable+Isotope+Biogeochemistry+of+Seabird+Guano+Fertilization%3A+Results+from+Growth+Chamber+Studies+with+Maize+%28Zea+mays%29&rft.au=Longstaffe%2C+Fred+J.&rft.au=Millaire%2C+Jean-Francois&rft.au=Szpak%2C+Paul&rft.au=White%2C+Christine+D.&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Szpak&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+One&rft.pages=e33741&rft.volume=7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1539499%2FStable_Isotope_Biogeochemistry_of_Seabird_Guano_Fertilization_Results_from_Growth_Chamber_Studies_with_Maize_Zea_mays_&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"></span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SzpakJAS-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none; background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation publicación" id="CITAREFSzpakMillaireWhiteLongstaffe2012" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Szpak, Paul; Millaire, Jean-Francois; White, Christine D.; Longstaffe, Fred J. (2012). <a class="external text" href="http://www.academia.edu/1788506/Influence_of_Seabird_guano_and_Camelid_dung_fertilization_on_the_nitrogen_isotopic_composition_of_field-grown_maize_Zea_mays_" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Influence of seabird guano and camelid dung fertilization on the nitrogen isotopic composition of field-grown maize (Zea mays)»</a>. <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Journal of Archaeological Science</i> <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">39</b> (12): 3721-3740.<small style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">doi:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jas.2012.06.035" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">10.1016/j.jas.2012.06.035</a></small>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AGuano&rft.atitle=Influence+of+seabird+guano+and+camelid+dung+fertilization+on+the+nitrogen+isotopic+composition+of+field-grown+maize+%28Zea+mays%29&rft.au=Longstaffe%2C+Fred+J.&rft.au=Millaire%2C+Jean-Francois&rft.au=Szpak%2C+Paul&rft.au=White%2C+Christine+D.&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Szpak&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.pages=3721-3740&rft.volume=39&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1788506%2FInfluence_of_Seabird_guano_and_Camelid_dung_fertilization_on_the_nitrogen_isotopic_composition_of_field-grown_maize_Zea_mays_&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2012.06.035&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"></span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Emerson2007-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none; background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation publicación" id="CITAREFEmersonRoark2007" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Emerson, Justin K.; Roark, Allison M. (2007). <a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/1733-5329(2007)9" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[261:COGPBF</a>2.0.CO;2 «Composition of guano produced by frugivorous, sanguivorous, and insectivorous bats»]. <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Acta Chiropterologica</i> <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9</b>: 261-267.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AGuano&rft.atitle=Composition+of+guano+produced+by+frugivorous%2C+sanguivorous%2C+and+insectivorous+bats&rft.au=Emerson%2C+Justin+K.&rft.au=Roark%2C+Allison+M.&rft.aufirst=Justin+K.&rft.aulast=Emerson&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Chiropterologica&rft.pages=261-267&rft.volume=9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.3161%2F1733-5329%282007%299%5B261%3ACOGPBF%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal"></span></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-sosa-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFSosa_Rodríguez1975" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sosa Rodríguez, José (1975). <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Historia de Isla Cristina (Biografía sentimental)</i>. Sevilla: Esc. Gráfica Salesiana. <small style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SE-356-1970</small>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background-attachment: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; background-size: initial; border-color: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-style: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AGuano&rft.au=Sosa+Rodr%C3%ADguez%2C+Jos%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft.aulast=Sosa+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft.btitle=Historia+de+Isla+Cristina+%28Biograf%C3%ADa+sentimental%29&rft.date=1975&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Sevilla%3A+Esc.+Gr%C3%A1fica+Salesiana&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span> Historia de Isla Cristina (Biografía sentimental)</span></span></li>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;"><a href="https://pabadal.wordpress.com/2009/08/07/la-bonanza-del-guano/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pabadal la-bonanza-del-guano</a></span></span></div>
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44580 Valderrobres, Teruel, España40.8733331 0.1535949000000300740.861326100000007 0.13342490000003007 40.8853401 0.17376490000003006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-1314134506042120642018-05-01T12:12:00.004-07:002018-05-01T12:12:46.881-07:00 Campagnolo CMP, chamae Leontis Fitness Shoe 3q95077<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.amazon.es/CMP-chamae-Leontis-Fitness-3q95077/dp/B01MYEVIS5/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&qid=1525201683&sr=8-1&keywords=chamae&linkCode=ll1&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=b211498d1374707785df341f5cc19dd0" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> Campagnolo CMP</a> – F. lli <a href="https://www.amazon.es/CMP-chamae-Leontis-Fitness-3q95077/dp/B01MYEVIS5/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&qid=1525201683&sr=8-1&keywords=chamae&linkCode=ll1&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=b211498d1374707785df341f5cc19dd0" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">chamae Leontis Fitness Shoe</a> 3q95077</div>
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<br />
Color: Multicolor<br />
Material exterior: Algodón<br />
Revestimiento: Sintético<br />
Material de la <b>suela</b>: Goma<br />
<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=suela" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cuando estés triste abraza una zapatilla, con suela</a>.<br />
Cierre: Cordones<br />
Anchura del zapato: normal
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Más <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/ropa/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ropa y zapatillas</a>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44580 Valderrobres, Teruel, España40.8733331 0.1535949000000300740.861326100000007 0.13342490000003007 40.8853401 0.17376490000003006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-29333773832665147872018-05-01T10:07:00.005-07:002018-05-01T10:09:00.270-07:00quelante<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Un <b>quelante</b> (del griego χηλή, chēlē, «pinza»), <i>secuestrante</i>, o <i>antagonista</i> de <b>metales pesados</b>, es una sustancia que forma complejos con <i>iones</i> de metales pesados. A estos complejos se los conoce como <b>quelatos</b>, palabra que proviene de la palabra griega <i>chele</i> que significa "garra, pinza".
Una de las aplicaciones de los quelantes es evitar la <i>toxicidad de los metales pesados</i> para los seres vivos.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="quelante, quelato, química, qué lata" border="0" data-original-height="278" data-original-width="200" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B7SGufIAgRo/WuiZ7Ir-4oI/AAAAAAAAR-M/pfexmSTfGIID9pBcFYGJLtlftX7tx97HQCLcBGAs/s1600/200px-Medta.png" title="quelante, quelato, química, qué lata" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los metales pesados no pueden ser metabolizados por el cuerpo humano y persisten en el organismo, donde ejercen sus efectos tóxicos cuando se combinan con uno o más grupos reactivos (ligandos) esenciales para las funciones fisiológicas normales. Los quelantes se diseñan para competir con los metales por los grupos reactivos fisiológicos, evitando o revirtiendo así sus efectos tóxicos e incrementando su excreción.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los metales pesados, particularmente los que pertenecen a la serie de los metales de transición, pueden reaccionar con ligandos que contienen O, S y N, que en el organismo toman la forma de -OH, -COO<sup style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">-</sup>, OPO<sub style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3</sub>H<sup style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">-</sup>. >C=O, -SH, -S-S-. El complejo metálico resultante, conocido también como <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">compuesto de coordinación</b>, está formado por un enlace coordinado en el cual ambos electrones son aportados por el ligando.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">El interés biológico de los quelantes se originó a partir de los esfuerzos para controlar los restos de metales que contribuyen al deterioro de los alimentos.</span></div>
<div style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">La investigación toxicológica de algunos quelantes propuestos como aditivos alimentarios llevó a la observación de que la fuerte afinidad por los <i>cationes calcio</i> que caracteriza al ácido etilendiaminotetraacético (<i>EDTA</i> o <i>AEDT</i>) da por resultado una disminución de la concentración de calcio en suero.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">El mecanismo de quelación ha sido utilizado por los <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">farmacólogos</a> en el desarrollo de nuevos agentes terapéuticos para pruebas clínicas en una amplia gama de alteraciones patológicas en las que se requiere eliminar iones metálicos de los tejidos, o bien introducirlos en el organismo con propósitos metabólicos.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Se han utilizado quelatos de hierro en la terapia de <b>anemias ferropénicas</b>, quelatos de magnesio para el tratamiento de <b>crisis hipertensivas</b> y algunos complejos orgánicos de <b>oro</b>, como el tiomalato de oro y sodio en la <b>terapia con oro</b> para combatir la <b>artritis reumatoide.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">Muchas son las sustancias que actúan como quelantes, entre las que se encuentran la </span>clorofila<span style="line-height: 26.4px;">, el </span>glutatión<span style="line-height: 26.4px;">, varias </span>enzimas<span style="line-height: 26.4px;"> y debajos y </span>vitaminas<span style="line-height: 26.4px;">.</span></span></div>
<div style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los quelatos son complejos formados por la unión de un metal y un compuesto que contiene dos o más ligandos potenciales. El proceso de formación del quelato se conoce como quelatación o quelación. El producto de tal reacción es un anillo heterocíclico. Un quelante es un ligando polidentado que se coordina a un ion central por dos o más átomos dativos. Los anillos de 5 a 6 miembros poseen más estabilidad, por lo que se diseñan quelantes polidentados, es decir, multiligantes, para lograr complejos de alta estabilidad. La formación de quelatos polidentados da por resultado un compuesto mucho más estable que cuando el metal se une solamente con un átomo ligante (monodentado). Esto se debe sobre todo a efectos entrópicos, ya que después de la primera coordinación las demás etapas suelen producirse liberando los ligandos coordinados anteriormente y aumentando así la entropía del sistema.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">La estabilidad de los quelatos varía con el metal y con los átomos ligantes. Por ejemplo, el mercurio y el plomo tienen mayor afinidad por elazufre y el nitrógeno que por el oxígeno. Estas diferencias sirven como base de la acción de los quelantes en el cuerpo humano (DMSA, DMPS, Ácido lipoico, etc.).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los quelatos resultantes que se forman en el cuerpo son solubles en agua y se excretan intactos en gran parte por la orina, a una velocidad más rápida que la esperada para el metal en sí.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">El <b>quelato de </b></span><b>hierro</b><span style="line-height: 26.4px;"> sirve como <b>fuente de hierro en las plantas</b>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los quelantes poseen varias propiedades; el quelante ideal debería tener todas las siguientes:</span></div>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Alta solubilidad en agua.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Resistencia a la biotransformación.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Capacidad para llegar a sitios donde se pudiera acumular el metal.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Capacidad para formar complejos no tóxicos a partir de metales tóxicos.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Mantenimiento de su actividad quelante en el pH de los fluidos corporales y excreción rápida del quelato.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Afinidad elevada por los metales, en comparación con los ligandos endógenos.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit;">Poca o nula afinidad por el </span><i>catión calcio Ca<sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2+</sup>,</i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> dado que este ion tiene una gran disponibilidad para la </span><i>quelación en el plasma</i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> y un quelante puede provocar </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=tosca" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">hipocalcemia</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> a pesar de poseer una elevada afinidad por los metales pesados.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Siempre es difícil extrapolar las interacciones del quelante observadas en experimentos de laboratorio a la situación del organismo vivo, por lo que es importante llevar a cabo observaciones <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">in vivo</i> para determinar la <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/cliniky/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">utilidad clínica</a> de estos agentes.</span></div>
<ul style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; list-style: square outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">En el envenenamiento por plomo se utiliza el edetato de </span><b style="font-style: inherit;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=calcio" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">calcio disódico</a></b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"><span style="font-style: inherit;"> (</span><i>CaNa</i></span><sub style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i>2</i></sub><span style="font-weight: inherit;"><i>Y</i><span style="font-style: inherit;">) o la </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">D-penicilamina</a>. </i>En caso de plomo en las costillas, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=voltaren" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">voltaren</a>.</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">En tratamiento de la sobreexposición ocupacional a sustancias radioactivas como </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">plutonio</b><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">, </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">torio</b><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">, </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">uranio</b><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> y radio </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">itrio</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"><span style="font-style: inherit;"> se utiliza el </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ácido dietilentriaminopentaacético</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> (<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DTPA</a>). Por ejemplo en Ascó Vandellós , en medicina nuclear, Fukushima, Chernobil.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit;">En el </span><i>envenenamiento por mercurio</i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> se emplea </span><i>dimercaprol</i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> (<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">BAL</a>) en casos de exposición grave o en pacientes sintomáticos o </span><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" style="font-style: inherit;" target="_blank">D-penicilamina</a><span style="font-style: inherit;"> en casos de exposición leve o en pacientes que no presentan síntomas. Así mismo puede utilizarse un derivado de la penicilamina: la </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">N-acetil-D-penicilamina</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> (<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NAP</a>) se ha usado con éxito en pacientes que requieren tratamiento contra la intoxicación por mercurio.</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">En el debido a </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">arsénico </b><span style="font-style: inherit;">(</span><a href="http://beceite.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" style="font-style: inherit;" target="_blank">Arsenio</a><span style="font-style: inherit;"> no)</span><span style="font-weight: inherit;"><span style="font-style: inherit;"> es de utilidad el </span><i>dimercaprol</i><span style="font-style: inherit;"> y la continuación de la terapia se sigue con <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">penicilamina</a>. Así mismo, en caso de síntomatología recurrente puede emplearse un derivado del <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">dimercaprol</a>, el succímero del </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ácido 2,3 dimercaptosuccínico</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;">.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">En la intoxicación por </span><b style="font-style: inherit;">cadmio</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"><span style="font-style: inherit;"> se administra EDTA en su forma de </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">edetato de calcio disódico</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;">. No se utiliza el <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">dimercaprol</a> debido a que se ha observado que incrementa la <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=ri%C3%B1ones" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nefrotoxicidad</a>. La <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=terapia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">terapia</a> se instaura lo más rápidamente posible porque debido a la distribución del metal puede llegar a sitios donde el quelante no puede alcanzarlo.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">En la <u>intoxicación por hierro</u> se puede emplear la <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deferoxamina</a>.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">En la enfermedad de Wilson, donde hay un exceso de </span><b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=cobre" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cobre</a></b><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> en el cuerpo, se puede usar la <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">trientina</a> (trietilentetramina).</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-style: inherit;">En el </span><i>síndrome por Sensibilidad química múltiple</i><span style="font-style: inherit;">, en el que los enfermos experimentan una hipersensibilidad a agentes externos de uso común tales como el </span><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=jab%C3%B3n" rel="nofollow" style="font-style: inherit;" target="_blank">jabón</a><span style="font-style: inherit;">, </span><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/cup/" rel="nofollow" style="font-style: inherit;" target="_blank">como los de la CUP</a><span style="font-style: inherit;">, los </span><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=perfume" rel="nofollow" style="font-style: inherit;" target="_blank">perfumes</a><span style="font-style: inherit;"> y otros artículos de uso común se puede administrar </span><i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">EDTA</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit;">.</span></span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Etilendiamina</a></b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">. Coordina a través de los pares libres de los dos átomos de nitrógeno; los compuestos octaédricos de fórmula general M(en)</span><sub style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3</sub><sup style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">n+</sup><span style="font-weight: inherit;"> son </span><b>quirales</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"> y se pueden separar los </span><b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">enantiómeros</a></b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">.</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-weight: inherit;"><br /></span></span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DPPE</a></b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"> (<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">1,2-bis(difenilfosfino)etileno</a>). Coordina a través de pares libres de electrones de los dos átomos de fósforo; derivados de este compuesto se emplean en algunos catalizadores.</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-weight: inherit;"><br /></span></span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Oxalato</a>. Sales del <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ácido oxálico</a>.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">En síntesis orgánica han adquirido un interés especial los ligandos quelantes quirales ya que se emplean a menudo en los catalizadores empleados para obtener productos quirales como el <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/vehiculo/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">catalizador</a> de <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=wilkinson" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Wilkinson</a>.</span></div>
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<ol class="references" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li id="cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Envenenamiento por mercurio y su tratamiento con <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=farmacia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">N-acetil-D,L-penicilamina</a>. <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kark, R y Poskanzer, D</a>. 1971</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> <span class="reference-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/kobo-us/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Minimal role of metallothionein in decreased chelator efficacy for cadmium</a>. Waalkes, M.P. Watkins, J.B. y Klaassen, C.D. <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Toxicology Applied Pharmacology</a>; pp:392-398. 1983.</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span class="reference-text" style="background-image: none; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Goodman & Gilman. 8th Edition. </span><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ISBN 0-02-946568-0</a></span></span></li>
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44580 Valderrobres, Teruel, España40.8733331 0.1535949000000300740.861326100000007 0.13342490000003007 40.8853401 0.17376490000003006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-44362970154740678592018-05-01T09:38:00.004-07:002018-05-01T10:09:55.812-07:00purines<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los <b>purines</b> son cualquiera de los <i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=org%C3%A1nico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">residuos de origen orgánico</a></i>, como <i>aguas residuales</i> y <i>restos de vegetales</i>, cosechas, semillas, concentraciones de <i>animales muertos</i>, pesca, comida, <b>excrementos sólidos o líquidos</b>, o mezcla de ellos, con <a href="http://sensals.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">capacidad de <i>fermentar</i></a> o <i>fermentados</i> que tienen impacto medioambiental. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradicionalmente se han usado para producir <b>abono</b> y <b>compost</b>. Hay diversos tipos de clasificaciones ya que dependiendo de su origen tienen diferentes propiedades.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img alt="cerda, cerditos" border="0" data-original-height="136" data-original-width="220" height="247" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kWLLiWY5Sp0/WuiUmLeH9mI/AAAAAAAAR98/Ri9yfV5ssLcxwOztbWROutJMR0-ienBHwCLcBGAs/s400/220px-Sow_with_piglet.jpg" title="cerda, cerditos" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Son generalmente residuos resultado de una mezcla de <b>orina</b>, la parte líquida de todo tipo de <b><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/01/fertilizante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">estiércoles</a></b> de animales y usualmente agua que se forma al reunir los desechos de animales domésticos. Junto a otros materiales orgánicos entre los que destacan los <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=residuos" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">residuos sólidos urbanos</a>, los purines tienen utilidad para la producción de <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=compost" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">compost</a></b>. Tradicionalmente se han aprovechado de <i>aves</i> y <i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=murci%C3%A9lago" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">murciélagos</a></i> como <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=guano" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">guano</a></b>, pero cualquier concentración animal y estabular produce purines: las ciudades, el <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=oveja" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ganado lanar</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=vacas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vacuno</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=caballo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">caballar</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=aves" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avícola</a>, etc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">Los <b>purines de cerdos</b> de criadero son los más conocidos ya que son muy contaminantes</span><span style="line-height: 12px; white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">sobre todo debido a la concentración porcina en diversos puntos, por lo cual su control es obligatorio en </span>España<span style="line-height: 26.4px;"> mediante el </span>Real Decreto<span style="line-height: 26.4px;"> 261/96, que es la incorporación de la Directiva 91/676 de la </span>Unión Europea<span style="line-height: 26.4px;">.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tienen un contenido aproximado (en proporciones de Kg por tonelada) de 2 Kg de nitrógeno, 0'5 de <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=f%C3%B3sforo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fósforo</a> y 3 de <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=potasio" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">potasio</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los purines forman parte de la <b><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/01/fertilizante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">biomasa</a> residual húmeda</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">En la actualidad se está estudiando el <b>reciclaje de los purines de cerdos</b> para diversos usos, entre ellos para la obtención de <b>metano</b>, para su uso como <b><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/01/fertilizante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">abono</a></b></span><span style="line-height: 12px; white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">o bien incluso mejorando sus propiedades con el objetivo de poder depurar el agua residual de purines,</span><span style="line-height: 12px; white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span style="line-height: 26.4px;">entre otros usos.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Por extensión, en agricultura biológica se usa el término "purín" para hacer referencia a productos que son fruto de fermentaciones de ciertas especies vegetales (<i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazones/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Urtica dioica</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazones/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Symphytium officinale</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazones/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valeriana officinalis</a></i>, entre otros) y que tienen utilidad en el mantenimiento de la salud de los cultivos vegetales. Estos purines pueden ser según el grado de maduración y la planta utilizada, productos elicitores, insecticidas, fungicidas, fitoestimulantes o activadores del suelo y el compost.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Este tipo de purines se elabora mediante una <i>fermentación aeróbica</i> que estabiliza <i>principios bioactivos</i> en una solución acuosa. Debido a que las moléculas extraídas son de origen vegetal, las formas químicas que contienen son perfectamente <b>asimilables para las plantas en cultivo</b>, no provocando en la cosecha ningún tipo de daño debido a su uso excesivo, si bien, también son contaminantes para el medio natural si se usan indiscriminadamente.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El desarrollo de la <b>biomasa</b> en un ecosistema viene limitado, la mayoría de las veces, por la escasez de algunos elementos químicos, como el nitrógeno en los ambientes continentales y el fósforo en los marinos, que los productores primarios necesitan para desarrollarse y a los que llamamos por ello factores limitantes. Un ecosistema <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Eutrofizado</i> es aquel ambiente caracterizado por una abundancia anormalmente alta de nutrientes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Si bien la eutrofización se produce en forma natural, su consideración es muy diferente según el lugar donde se provoca debido al impacto ambiental. En dosis bajas en zonas relativamente húmedas o en zonas urbanizadas no se considera que tengan consecuencias apreciables ya que la contaminación de nitrógeno, amoníaco y materia orgánica, que contienen puede ser rápidamente absorbida por la vegetación, o el lugar está tan degradado por otros contaminantes que su impacto pasa desapercibido. El esparcimiento del estiércol y regar con aguas recicladas contribuye al ciclo del nitrógeno, que es un elemento esencial para el crecimiento de las plantas. En zonas de clima seco o con escasez de agua, o en personas sensibles, (hipersensibilidad, alergias, asma...) una cantidad muy pequeña de estas materias puede ser considerada un problema. La fauna asociada puede provocar condiciones de insalubridad añadida.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">La contaminación es antropogénica y causa procesos de <u>eutrofización</u> por contaminación química <b>agropecuaria</b>, sobre todo la contaminación difusa de los suelos y de los acuíferos con <b><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/01/fertilizante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fertilizantes</a></b> inorgánicos de origen industrial o extractivo; y por desechos humanos, incluyendo aguas fecales y excrementos animales, a causa de una producción masiva de ganado, aves, peces, etc. Estas causas aportan nitrógeno, en forma de nitrato y amonio, y fósforo, como fosfato, a la vez que cationes como potasio (K<sup style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">+</sup>,) magnesio (Mg<sup style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2+</sup>), etc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los seres vivos ecológicamente están adaptados a un tipo de suelo, cambiar las características del suelo conlleva la sustitución de unas especies por otras. En el caso de las especies vegetales, fertilizar los suelos tiene como consecuencia que unas especies prosperen sobre otras y las sustituyan. La contaminación por <b>eutrofización</b> de las aguas superficiales o acuíferos con los distintos nutrientes para las plantas, lleva consigo, la contaminación de los suelos por una aplicación excesiva de fiemos o cuando se producen lluvias poco después de la aplicación. Se produce porque el flujo del agua infiltra nitratos y otros compuestos en las aguas subterráneas o corrientes y provoca la eutrofización, es decir, el exceso de nutrientes en el agua y la proliferación de plantas llamadas «mareas verdes» en arroyos, ríos, lagunas y lagos. El riesgo no es solo de tipo <b>medioambiental</b>, ya que beber de estas aguas contaminadas o comercializarlas está prohibido por las administraciones ya que además de permitir la proliferación de <i>microorganismos tóxicos</i> para los seres humanos y el ganado, (<i>cólera, difteria</i>, etc.) producen esterilidad y cáncer. En el caso de las aguas minerales para comercialización se realizan análisis periódicos en busca de nitratos o nitritos.</span></div>
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<li id="cite_note-1" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.lasprovincias.es/valencia/prensa/20070603/economia/cerdo-sirve-todo_20070603.html" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Del cerdo no sirve todo. lasprovincias.es</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.agroterra.com/profesionales/articulos.asp?IdArticulo=46" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Un enfoque para el tratamiento de purines - Profesionales Agroterra.com</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-3" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external free" href="http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/agriculture/environment/l28013_es.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/agriculture/environment/l28013_es.htm</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-4" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purines#cite_ref-4" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.elperiodico.com/default.asp?idpublicacio_PK=46&idioma=CAS&idnoticia_PK=654896&idseccio_PK=1477&h=" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">El biogás gana peso como vía de aprovechamiento de los purines</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-5" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://servicios.laverdad.es/agroregion/pg280109/suscr/nec12.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">La Consejería de agricultura de Murcia impulsará su utilización como abono</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-6" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.cyclusid.com/vertidos/purines" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Reutilización del Agua Residual de Purines</a></span></li>
</ol>
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<h2 aria-controls="content-collapsible-block-15" aria-haspopup="true" class="in-block section-heading collapsible-heading open-block" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); border-bottom-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; clear: both; cursor: pointer; display: table; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0.5em 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 993px; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" tabindex="0">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Véase_también" style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 913px;"><br /></span><span style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-minerva-edit-enabled edit-page" data-section="30" href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fertilizante&action=edit&section=30" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.666667em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px; max-width: 3.5em; min-height: 1.5em; min-width: 3.5em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: -999px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 3.5em;" title="Editar sección: Véase también">Editar</a></span></h2>
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Agricultura ecológica</span></div>
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<div aria-expanded="true" aria-pressed="true" class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block open-block" id="content-collapsible-block-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Nimbus Sans L', Arial, 'Liberation Sans', sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 26.4px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 993.297px;">
<ul style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Abono orgánico</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Biofertilizante</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Compost</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Elemento químico esencial</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Enraizante</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fertilización foliar</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fertilización carbónica</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fertirriego</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Guano</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Humus</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Impacto ambiental potencial</li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i>Justus von Liebig</i></li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Lombricultura</b></li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Vermicompost</b></li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Permacultura</b></li>
<li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/05/quelante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Quelatos</a></b><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">: (aumentan la </span><i style="font-weight: inherit;"><a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/05/quelante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">biodisponibilidad</a></i><span style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> de algunos nutrientes como el <a href="http://saionaimer.blogspot.com/2018/05/quelante.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">hierro</a>).</span></li>
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44580 Valderrobres, Teruel, España40.8733331 0.1535949000000300740.861326100000007 0.13342490000003007 40.8853401 0.17376490000003006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-1666248774068003872018-01-18T11:17:00.002-08:002018-05-01T12:16:40.257-07:00Fertilizante , abono<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Un <b><a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=abono&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=7251e3440e78dfa24b527f005f772796" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fertilizante</a></b> o <a href="https://www.amazon.es/s/ref=as_li_ss_tl?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias=aps&field-keywords=abono&linkCode=ll2&tag=buytogive03-21&linkId=7251e3440e78dfa24b527f005f772796" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">abono</a> es cualquier tipo de sustancia <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=org%C3%A1nico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">orgánica</a></b> o inorgánica que contiene <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazones/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nutrientes</a></b> en formas asimilables por las plantas, para mantener o incrementar el contenido de estos elementos en el suelo, mejorar la calidad del sustrato a nivel nutricional, estimular el crecimiento vegetativo de las plantas, etc. </span><br />
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Comprar abono en Amazon España</div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Ejemplos naturales o ecológicos de abono</b> se encuentran tanto en el clásico <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=vaca" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">estiércol</a></b>, mezclado con los <b>desechos de la agricultura</b> como el forraje, o en el <b>guano</b> formado por los <i>excrementos de las aves</i> (por ejemplo de corral, como el de la gallina).
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img alt="Estiércol , mierda , manure, Mist, Scheisse, abono orgánico" border="0" data-original-height="188" data-original-width="250" height="301" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oPWaBZts-mM/WmDwF5cU2eI/AAAAAAAANaE/EzSQ2ejw4coLprOK0ISs20K--ETRbCRLACLcBGAs/s400/250px-Manure_%2528lorentey%2529.jpg" title="Estiércol , mierda , manure, Mist, Scheisse, abono orgánico" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Las plantas no necesitan compuestos complejos del tipo de las vitaminas o los aminoácidos, esenciales en la nutrición humana, pues sintetizan todo lo que precisan; solo exigen una docena de elementos químicos que deben presentarse en una forma que la planta pueda absorber. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dentro de esta limitación, el <b>nitrógeno</b>, por ejemplo, puede administrarse con igual eficiencia en forma de <b>urea</b>, <b>nitratos</b>, compuestos de <b>amonio</b> o <b>amoníaco</b> puro.
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img alt="USA, EEUU, fertilizante, nitrógeno, tractor, John Deere" border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="250" height="286" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zkYRgcCR-q0/WmDwR9f6iQI/AAAAAAAANaI/8wMyWchkUWAT7upZrBuCkT-5rF4I-eSPACLcBGAs/s400/250px-Fertilizer_applied_to_corn_field.jpg" title="USA, EEUU, fertilizante, nitrógeno, tractor, John Deere" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">La definición de <b>abono</b> según el <b>reglamento de abonos</b> de la Unión Europea es "material cuya función principal es proporcionar <b>elementos nutrientes</b> a las plantas"
La acción consistente en aportar un <i>abono</i> se llama <b>fertilización</b>. Los <b>abonos</b>, junto a las <i>enmiendas</i>, forman parte de los <b>productos fertilizantes</b>.
Los abonos han sido utilizados desde la Antigüedad, cuando se añadían al suelo, de manera empírica, los <b>fosfatos de los huesos </b>(calcinados o no), el <b>nitrógeno</b> de las <i><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=veleta" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deyecciones animales y humanas</a></i> o el <b>potasio de las cenizas</b>.
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los abonos orgánicos son generalmente de origen animal o vegetal. Pueden ser también de síntesis (aminoácidos, <b>urea</b>...).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los primeros son típicamente desechos industriales tales como desechos de matadero (sangre desecada, cuerno tostado, desechos de pescado, lodos de depuración de aguas). Son interesantes por su aporte de nitrógeno de descomposición relativamente lenta, y por su acción favorecedora de la multiplicación rápida de la microflora del suelo, pero enriquecen poco el suelo de humus estable.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los segundos pueden ser desechos vegetales (residuos verdes), compostados o no. Su composición química depende del vegetal de que proceda y del momento de desarrollo de éste. Además de sustancia orgánica contiene gran cantidad de elementos como nitrógeno, fósforo y calcio, así como un alto porcentaje de oligoelementos. <b>También puede utilizarse el purín pero su preparación adecuada es costosa.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">El principio de los abonos verdes retoma la práctica ancestral que consiste en enterrar las malas hierbas. Se realiza sobre un cultivo intercalado, que es enterrado en el mismo lugar.</span></div>
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<img alt="Estercolado, abonar, Ángel Faixero,tractor, Ferrer, escampá fem" border="0" data-original-height="185" data-original-width="250" height="296" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iFcEAAYlhhE/WmDy8wJ7J0I/AAAAAAAANaY/cSNmB72Q5e8l3Da1trWah1DW7rGr8pFJACLcBGAs/s400/250px-Miststreuer_im_Mostviertel.jpg" title="Estercolado, abonar, Ángel Faixero,tractor, Ferrer, escampá fem" width="400" /></div>
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Estercolado, <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">escampá fem</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cuando se trata de leguminosas tales como la alfalfa o el trébol, se obtiene además un enriquecimiento del suelo en nitrógeno asimilable pues su sistema radicular asocia las bacterias del tipo Rhizobium, capaces de fijar el nitrógeno atmosférico. Para hacer esta técnica más eficaz se siembran las semillas con la bacteria.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Un fertilizante es una sustancia destinada a abastecer y suministrar los elementos químicos al suelo o al follaje <b>para que la planta los absorba</b>. Se trata, por tanto, de una reposición o <b>aporte artificial de nutrientes</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Un <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fertilizante mineral</b> es un producto de <b>origen inorgánico</b>, que contiene, por lo menos, un elemento químico que la planta necesita para su ciclo vital. La característica más importante de cualquier fertilizante es que debe tener una solubilidad máxima en agua, para que, de este modo pueda disolverse en el agua de riego, ya que los nutrientes entran en forma pasiva y activa en la planta, a través del flujo del agua.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Para cumplir el proceso de su vida vegetativa, las plantas tienen necesidad además del agua y del aire, de más de 12 elementos nutritivos que encuentran bajo forma mineral en el suelo, y de energía solar necesaria para la síntesis clorofílica.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Estos elementos químicos o nutrientes pueden clasificarse en: macroelementos y microelementos.</span></div>
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<dl style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><dd style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">% en la planta o g/100g</span></dd></dl>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los principales son: <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">N – P – K – Ca – Mg - S</b>.</span></div>
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<dl style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><dd style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">parte por millón = mg/kg = mg /1000 g</span></dd></dl>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Los principales son: <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fe – Zn – Cu – Mn – Mo- B – Cl</b>.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Más en https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizante</span><br />
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<li id="cite_note-1" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/ricondelcurioso/produccion2.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Materias Primas»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Materias+Primas&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fricondelcurioso%2Fproduccion2.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/nutricion/macronutrientes/nitrogeno.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Macronutrientes primarios.»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Macronutrientes+primarios.&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fnutricion%2Fmacronutrientes%2Fnitrogeno.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-3" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/nutricion/macronutrientes/macrosecundarios.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Macronutrientes secundarios.»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Macronutrientes+secundarios.&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fnutricion%2Fmacronutrientes%2Fmacrosecundarios.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-4" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/nutricion/micronutrientes/boro.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Micronutrientes»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Micronutrientes&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fnutricion%2Fmicronutrientes%2Fboro.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-MP-5" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/nutricion/macronutrientes/nitrogeno.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Macronutrientes primarios.»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Macronutrientes+primarios.&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fnutricion%2Fmacronutrientes%2Fnitrogeno.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-6" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFCarlos_de_Liñán_Carral_y_Carlos_de_Liñán_Vicente.2015" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Carlos de Liñán Carral y Carlos de Liñán Vicente. (2015). <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">VADEMÉCUM DE PRODUCTOS FITOSANITARIOS Y NUTRICIONALES 2015</i>. p. 832. <small style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/isbn" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ISBN 9788416389216</a></small>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.au=Carlos+de+Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n+Carral+y+Carlos+de+Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n+Vicente.&rft.aulast=Carlos+de+Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n+Carral+y+Carlos+de+Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n+Vicente.&rft.btitle=VADEM%C3%89CUM+DE+PRODUCTOS+FITOSANITARIOS+Y+NUTRICIONALES+2015&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9788416389216&rft.pages=832&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-7" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFGinés_Navarro" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ginés Navarro. <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Química agrícola</i>. Ediciones Mundi-prensa. p. 319-320. <small style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/isbn" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ISBN 84-7114-905-2</a></small>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.au=Gin%C3%A9s+Navarro&rft.aulast=Gin%C3%A9s+Navarro&rft.btitle=Qu%C3%ADmica+agr%C3%ADcola&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=84-7114-905-2&rft.pages=319-320&rft.pub=Ediciones+Mundi-prensa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-8" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="citation web" id="CITAREF" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mirat.net/fertilizantes/ricondelcurioso/proceso.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">«Planta de Fabricación de Abono Complejo»</a><span class="reference-accessdate" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Consultado el 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3AFertilizante&rft.btitle=Planta+de+Fabricaci%C3%B3n+de+Abono+Complejo&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirat.net%2Ffertilizantes%2Fricondelcurioso%2Fproceso.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-9" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">↑</span> <span class="reference-text" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external free" href="http://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2013-7540" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2013-7540</a></span></li>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Enlaces_externos" style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 913px;"><br /></span><span style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-minerva-edit-enabled edit-page" data-section="32" href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fertilizante&action=edit&section=32" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.666667em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px; max-width: 3.5em; min-height: 1.5em; min-width: 3.5em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: -999px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 3.5em;" title="Editar sección: Enlaces externos">Editar</a></span></h2>
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<ul style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.consumer.es/web/es/bricolaje/jardin/2004/04/26/99113.php" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Diferencias entre abonos y fertilizantes.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.mediterraneadeagroquimicos.cat/Informa/Taulacas.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Información necesidades.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.elhogarnatural.com/abonos%20y%20fertilizantes.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Información general sobre las características de los fertilizantes.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.fertilizando.com/articulos/Nitrato%20de%20Potasio%20Multik.asp" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Toxicidad por fertilizantes.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.fertilizando.com/articulos/Los%20Fertilizantes%20en%20Hall%20de%20Fama.asp" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Los fertilizantes y el petróleo.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.fertilizando.com/articulos/Fertilizantes%20Comerciales%20ParteI.asp" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Información general sobre los fertilizantes.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306184302/http://www.fuentesfertilizantes.com/fichas/Ficha_de_Divulgacion_1.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2210%22 height=%2210%22 viewBox=%220 0 10 10%22%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 stroke=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M.5 3.518h5.982V9.5H.5z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%2336c%22 d=%22M4.755-.16H9.99v5.39L8.417 6.774l-1.31-1.31L4.383 8.19 1.695 5.5l2.808-2.807-1.31-1.31z%22/%3E%3Cpath fill=%22%23fff%22 d=%22M8.984.845l.022 4.884L7.19 3.91 4.308 6.79 3.08 5.567l2.882-2.88L4.112.833z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 100% 50%; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cualidades para personalizar un fertilizante.</a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="image-lazy-loaded" height="20" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-es.png/20px-Wiktionary-logo-es.png" style="animation: fadeInImage 0.3s ease-in; background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: 20px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 20px;" width="20" /> Wikcionario tiene definiciones y otra información sobre <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="extiw" href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/abono" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="wikt:abono">abono</a></b>.</li>
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comArrandi Kalea, 15, 48901 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España43.2960712 -2.985758000000032622.6010977 -44.294352000000032 63.9910447 38.322835999999967tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-82324688338849298452017-07-10T07:44:00.000-07:002018-04-24T04:29:19.754-07:00enlacesPáginas que enlazan con saionaimer.blogspot.com<br />
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44580 Valderrobres, Teruel, España40.8733331 0.1535949000000300740.861326100000007 0.13342490000003007 40.8853401 0.17376490000003006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-36134904303020270982017-04-21T09:12:00.002-07:002018-04-11T01:21:30.553-07:00Papo ,Chameleon, Figure<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span class="a-size-large" id="productTitle" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small; line-height: 1.3 !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Papo ,</span>Chameleon<span style="font-weight: 400;">, Figure</span></a></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Develops <b>dexterity</b> and sparks the <b>imagination</b> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Dimensions: 1,69 x 4,53 x 1,38 inches</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Beautifully finished and durable
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comCarr. Iglesuela, 7, 12318 Cinctorres, Castellón, España40.5838449 -0.2168964999999616320.020081400000002 -41.525490499999961 61.1476084 41.091697500000038tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-10045982831412060582017-04-21T08:53:00.000-07:002018-04-11T01:19:52.448-07:00Wild Republic CK-Mini Chameleon 8" Animal Plush<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comFynsvej 60, 5500 Middelfart, Dinamarca55.4988815 9.766568099999972234.9350855 -31.542025900000027 76.0626775 51.075162099999972tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-49207460967900436042017-04-21T08:49:00.001-07:002018-04-11T01:19:02.062-07:00Disney Pascal Mini Bean Bag Plush - Tangled - 8''<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Premium, plush, softest, finest, ever
Embroidered,metallic ,foil ,detailings,
Part of the Disney Mini Bean Bag Plush Collection,
Polyester,plastic beads
8'' LRamón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comDisney, Oklahoma 74340, EE. UU.36.4809948 -95.015329236.429921799999995 -95.0960102 36.5320678 -94.9346482tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-19247471287857536782017-03-01T09:37:00.003-08:002018-04-11T01:17:51.638-07:00Pet Chameleons 101, All You Need To Know About Keeping & Breeding Chameleons<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pet Chameleons 101</a>, All You Need To Know About Keeping & Breeding Chameleons<br />
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Thinking of getting a <i>pet</i> <b>chameleon</b> or already own one? Confused about what <b>caring</b> for a <b>chameleon</b> involves? <b>Pet Chameleons 101</b> will teach you all you need to know about pet chameleon care! Here is just a small section of what is covered in this great ebook:
-How to easily create a <b>habitat</b> for your <b>chameleon</b> that mirrors their <b>natural environment</b> and makes them feel right at home!
-13 conditions that are required to have a <b>healthy pet chameleon</b> – ignore even one of these conditions and the <b>health of your pet</b> could suffer dramatically!
-How to "<b>chameleon-proof</b>" your home – here's what you need to know to ensure your house is perfectly safe for your "new addition"!
-Why <b>chameleons</b> require exactly 12 hours of light a day and failure to receive this amount could have tragic effects on their health!
-The number one cause of <b>death of chameleons</b> in <b>captivity</b> and how to avoid it!
-How to clean a <b>chameleon's</b> enclosure without harming the <b>chameleon</b>!
-How to set up a great watering system that will ensure your <b>chameleon</b> has the fresh water it needs on a daily basis!
-How to maintain the proper <b>temperature</b> and <b>humidity</b> for your <b>chameleon</b> – plus, what "<b>substrate</b>" is and how to set it up correctly!
-What toys and decorations to include in your <b>chameleon's habitat</b> – as well as how to clean the cage like a pro!
-And much, much more!<br />
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comSan Francisco, California, EE. UU.37.7749295 -122.4194155000000136.9717915 -123.71030900000001 38.578067499999996 -121.12852200000002tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-88785194544314405312017-03-01T09:31:00.005-08:002018-04-11T01:16:17.331-07:00Chameleons: Care and Breeding of Jackson's, Panther, Veiled, and Parson's (Advanced Vivarium Systems)<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chameleons: Care and Breeding of Jackson's, Panther, Veiled, and Parson's</a> (Advanced Vivarium Systems)<br />
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The one and only <b>chameleon</b> is world renowned for its ability to <b>change its skin</b> color rapidly (throughout movement of <b>pigment cells</b>) and for the outrageous length of its <b>tongue</b> (more than one and a half times its body length!).<br />
Relatives of <b>agamids</b> and <i>iguanas</i>, <b>chameleons</b> are <b>insect-eating</b>, <b>tree climbing</b> <b>reptiles</b> that have highly specialized needs.<br />
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Written by a team of experienced herp experts, <b>Chameleons</b> intends to instruct keepers on how to best care for their <b>chameleons</b> and covers the four most commonly kept <b>species</b>: <b><i>Jackson’s chameleon</i></b> with its prized <b>triceratops</b> <i>horns</i> on its head, panther <b>chameleon</b> with its spectacular <b>coloration</b>, veiled <b>chameleon</b> with its unusual <b>casque</b> on its head, and the rather large <b>Parson’s chameleon</b>.<br />
The book subsequently is divided into four parts, each including an introduction and natural history, <b>captive</b> care, and <b>reproduction</b> of the species. Part I, Jackson’s <b>Chameleon</b> was written by <b>Sean McKeown</b>; Part II, <b>Panther Chameleon</b> by Gary Ferguson, James B. Murphy, Achille Raselimanana, and Jean-Baptiste Ramanamanjato; Part III, Veiled Chameleon and Part IV, <b><i>Parson’s Chameleon</i></b> by Kenneth Kalisch.<br />
References and index included.
Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comIllinois, EE. UU.40.6331249 -89.39852830000000934.3854434 -99.7256768 46.8808064 -79.071379800000017tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-34983038118074057622017-03-01T09:26:00.001-08:002018-04-24T04:28:43.914-07:00The Chameleon: Life-Changing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has a Personality or Knows Someone Who Does ,Kindle Edition<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Chameleon: Life-Changing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has a Personality or Knows Someone Who Does</a> , <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=kindle" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kindle Edition</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://cachondeotomaset.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Laugh</a> And <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=learn" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Learn</a> Through Twenty-Two Entertaining Fables That Reflect The Challenges You Experience In Your Lifestory.
Guided by an <b>all-knowing chameleon</b>, four unassuming birds play the roles of the personality styles. The insights gained from their interactions and struggles will lift you to new heights of understanding yourself. Let the Wisdom of The <b><a href="http://chamae.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chameleon</a></b> Enable You to Effortlessly Adapt to the People and Situations Around You.
Join an <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/tag/pet" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Eagle</b>, <b>Parrot</b>, <b>Dove</b>, and <b>Owl</b></a> on their enlightening journey as you learn to:
- Capitalize on your strengths
- Deepen your most important relationships
- Enhance your career
- Live a more fulfilling life</span></span>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comNueva Jersey, EE. UU.40.0583238 -74.405661236.9481798 -79.5692352 43.168467799999995 -69.2420872tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-24954630566329872302017-03-01T09:21:00.002-08:002018-04-11T01:10:14.986-07:00Chameleon Assassin Series (2 Book Series)<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chameleon Assassin Series (2 Book Series)</a></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Libby</a></b> is a mutant, one of the top <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">burglars</a></b> and <b><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=companys" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">assassins</a></b> in the world. For a price, she caters to executives' secret desires. Eliminate your corporate rival? Deliver a priceless art masterpiece or <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=necklace" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">necklace</a>? Hack into another corporation's network? Libby's your girl.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Climate change met nuclear war, and humanity lost. The corporations stepped in, stripping governments of power. Civilization didn't end, but it became less civilized. There are few rules as corporations jockey for position and control of assets and markets.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the<b> year 2200</b>, the world has barely recovered the level of technology that existed before the ice melted and the subsequent wars. Corporate elites live in their walled estates and skyscraper apartments while the majority of humanity supplies their luxuries. On the bottom level, the mutants, the poor, and the criminals scramble every day just to survive.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Urban Fantasy set 200 years in the future.</span></div>
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comNueva York, EE. UU.40.7127837 -74.00594130000001839.942317700000004 -75.296834800000013 41.4832497 -72.715047800000022tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-92080253703704887282017-02-28T09:10:00.000-08:002018-04-11T01:06:38.853-07:00chamaleon<h2>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazones" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Amazon España</a></span></h2>
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<a href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaeleonidae" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaeleonidae</span></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los <b>camaleones</b> son una familia de pequeños <b>saurópsidos</b> (<b>reptiles</b>) <i>escamosos</i>. Existen cerca de 161 especies de <b>camaleones</b>, la mayor parte de ellas en África al sur del Sáhara. En América se llama a menudo <b>camaleones</b> a <b>lagartos</b> de la familia de los <b>anoles</b>, que no guardan ningún parentesco especial con los <b><a href="http://chamae.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">verdaderos camaleones</a></b>.
Son famosos por su habilidad de <b>cambiar de color</b> según las circunstancias, por su<b> lengua rápida</b> y alargada, y por sus <b>ojos</b>, que pueden ser <b>movidos independientemente</b> el uno del otro.
El <b>grupo</b> es bastante antiguo, ya que se conocen <b>fósiles de camaleón</b> procedentes del <b>Paleoceno</b>. La familia está emparentada con la de los <b>agámidos</b>.</span><br />
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<span style="background: none; border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Familia Chamaeleonidae</span></div>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Subfamilia Chamaeleoniae</span><span style="font-weight: inherit;"> (camaleones típicos)</span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><ul style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: disc inside; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bradypodion</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Calumma</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamaeleo</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Furcifer</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kinyongia</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Nadzikambia</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Archaius</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Trioceros</i></span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Subfamilia Brookesiinae</b> (camaleones enanos)</span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Brookesia</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rhampholeon</i></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Género <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rieppeleon</i></span></li>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Etimolog.C3.ADa" style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 802px;"><h4>
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</span><span style="background: none; border: 0px; display: table-cell; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element mw-ui-icon-edit-enabled edit-page" data-section="2" href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chamaeleonidae&action=edit&section=2" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; display: inline-block; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px; max-width: 3.5em; min-height: 1.5em; min-width: 3.5em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: -999px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 3.5em;" title="Editar sección: Etimología"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;">Edit</span></a></span></h2>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">El término «camaleón» deriva del<span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span>latín<span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">chamaeleo</i><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">, préstamo del</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span>griego<span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>χαμαιλέων</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> (</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>khamailéōn</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">), a su vez compuesto de </span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>χαμαί</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> (</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>khamaí</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">) «en tierra» y </span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>λέων</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> (</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>léōn</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">) «</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>león</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">». La palabra griega es un</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span>calco<span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">del</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span><a href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_acadio" style="background-image: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Idioma acadio">acadio</a><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>nēš qaqqari</b></i><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">, «</span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit;"><b>león terrestre</b></span><span style="color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">».</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Los antiguos atribuían a este animal varias <b>propiedades fabulosas</b>. Decían que:</span></div>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">la lengua del camaleón arrancada estando vivo servía para ganar un pleito al que la poseía</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">hacía tronar y llover si quemaban su cabeza y su tragadero con leña de roble o bien si se asaba su hígado en una teja roja</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">arrancado el ojo derecho del animal aún vivo y puesto en un vaso con leche de cabra, aclaraba la vista</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">su lengua atada a la cintura de una mujer estando encinta le facilitaba el parto</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">su quijada derecha, llevada habitualmente, alejaba todo temor</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">su cola detenía el curso de los ríos</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Plinio refiere que Demócrito escribió un libro entero de ellas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">En todo Occidente, el término "camaleón" se usa en el lenguaje coloquial como sinónimo de una persona voluble, que <b>adapta su comportamiento</b> y características a las <b>circunstancias</b>. No siempre el término tiene connotación negativa (de <b>falsedad</b>), pudiendo significar también "<b>flexibilidad</b>". También es bastante utilizado para adjetivar a <b>buenos actores</b>.
En la simbología de algunas tribus africanas, el camaleón es un animal sagrado, visto como el creador de la raza humana. Nunca muere, y cuando se encuentran alguno en el camino, lo apartan con precaución, con miedo a las maldiciones.
Los camaleones son personajes frecuentes de fábulas, donde generalmente representan bichos lentos, astutos y poco confiables. Uno de los camaleones que se comercializan en tiendas de animales es el </span><b style="background-color: transparent;">camaleón del Yemen</b><span style="background-color: transparent;">. también llamado camaleón velado (</span><b style="background-color: transparent;">Chamaeleo calyptratus</b><span style="background-color: transparent;">). Por sus características es de los más resistentes para tener en cautividad.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">Existen especies de camaleón en el mercado de mascotas. </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamaleo jacksonii</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;"> y </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamaleo calyptratus</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;"> son de lejos los más comunes y se los encuentra frecuentemente criados en cautiverio. También podemos encontrar a </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Furcifer pardalis</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">, </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Furcifer lateralis</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">, </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Calumma parsonii</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">, </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamaeleo quadricornis</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;"> y </span><i style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamaeleo melleri</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">. La mayoría de las especies está listada en el </span>CITES<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "nimbus sans l" , "arial" , "liberation sans" , sans-serif;">, lo cual indica que su exportación está prohibida o sujeta a estrictas cuotas de exportación en sus países nativos. Sin embargo, la falta de órganos de control en los países nativos hace que esta lista pierda efectividad.</span></span></div>
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<ul style="background-image: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square inside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Böhme, Wolfgang y Charles J. J. Klaver: <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Das Tierreich - Part 112: Chamaeleonidae</i>. Berlín y Nueva York: Gruyter, 1997.</span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Glaw, Frank; y Miguel Vences: <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar 2nd edition</i>. Colonia (Alemania): M. Vences & F. Glaw Verlags, 1994. ISBN 3-929449-01-3.</span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Klaver, C. y W. Böhme: <i style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Phylogeny and classification of the Chamaeleonidae (Sauria) with special reference to hemipenis morphology</i>. Bonner Zool. Monogr. 22: 5-60, 1986</span></li>
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">artículo sobre <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="extiw" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chamaeleonidae" rel="nofollow" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank" title="wikispecies:Chamaeleonidae">Chamaeleonidae</a></b>. <span class="interProject" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="extiw" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chamaeleonidae" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="wikispecies:Chamaeleonidae">Wikispecies</a></span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.camaleones.es/" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Camaleones</span></a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.adcham.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">AdCham.com</span></a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.chamaeleonidae.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Chameleon Care and Information Center (CCIC).</span></a></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chameleons or chamaeleons (family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These species come in a range of colors, and many species have the ability to change color.
Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet; their very extensive, highly modified, rapidly extrudable tongues; their swaying gait; and crests or horns on their brow and snout. Most species, the larger ones in particular, also have a prehensile tail. Chameleons' eyes are independently mobile, but in aiming at a prey item, they focus forward in coordination, affording the animal stereoscopic vision.
Chameleons are adapted for climbing and visual hunting. They live in warm habitats that range from rain forest to desert conditions, with various species occurring in Africa, Madagascar, southern Europe, and across southern Asia as far as Sri Lanka. They also have been introduced to Hawaii, California, and Florida, and often are kept as household pets.
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Chamaeleo zeylanicus in Mangaon, Maharashtra, India" border="0" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FeLsJGKDnp0/WLW16ZPHeCI/AAAAAAAAHcs/cj1x8xG6xu4l8rMZe9GsqcBBRc3W9yu2ACLcB/s1600/Indian_Chameleon_%2528Chamaeleo_zeylanicus%2529_Photograph_By_Shantanu_Kuveskar.jpg" title="Chamaeleo zeylanicus in Mangaon, Maharashtra, India" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The English word chameleon is a simplified spelling of Latin <b>chamaeleōn</b> a borrowing of the Greek <b>χαμαιλέων</b> (<b>khamailéōn</b>),a compound of <b>χαμαί</b> (<b>khamaí</b>) "on the ground" and <b>λέων</b> (<b>léōn</b>) "<i>lion</i>". The Greek word is a calque translating the Akkadian <b>nēš qaqqari</b>, literally "<b>lion of the ground</b>".</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The family Chamaeleonidae was divided into two subfamilies, Brookesiinae and Chamaeleoninae, by Klaver and Böhme in 1986. Under this classification, Brookesiinae included the genera Brookesia and Rhampholeon, as well as the genera later split off from them (Palleon and Rieppeleon), while Chamaeleoninae included the genera Bradypodion, Calumma, Chamaeleo, Furcifer and Trioceros, as well as the genera later split off from them (Archaius, Nadzikambia and Kinyongia). Since that time, however, the validity of this subfamily designation has been the subject of much debate, although most phylogenetic studies support the notion that the pygmy chameleons of the subfamily Brookesiinae are not a monophyletic group.
While some authorities have previously preferred to use this subfamilial classification on the basis of the absence of evidence principle, these authorities later abandoned this subfamilial division, no longer recognizing any subfamilies with the family Chamaeleonidae.
In 2015, however, Glaw reworked the subfamilial division by placing only the genera Brookesia and Palleon within the Brookesiinae subfamily, with all other genera being placed in Chamaeleoninae.
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Some chameleon species are able to change their skin coloration. Different chameleon species are able to vary their coloration and pattern through combinations of pink, blue, red, orange, green, black, brown, light blue, yellow, turquoise, and purple. Chameleon skin has a superficial layer which contains pigments, and under the layer are cells with guanine crystals. Chameleons change color by changing the space between the guanine crystals, which changes the wavelength of light reflected off the crystals which changes the color of the skin.
Color change in chameleons has functions in camouflage, but most commonly in social signaling and in reactions to temperature and other conditions. The relative importance of these functions varies with the circumstances, as well as the species. Color change signals a chameleon's physiological condition and intentions to other chameleons. Chameleons tend to show brighter colors when displaying aggressively to other chameleons, and darker colors when they submit or "give up".
Some species, such as Smith's dwarf chameleon, adjust their colors for camouflage in accordance with the vision of the specific predator species (bird or snake) by which they are being threatened.
The desert-dwelling Namaqua chameleon also uses color change as an aid to thermoregulation, becoming black in the cooler morning to absorb heat more efficiently, then a lighter grey color to reflect light during the heat of the day. It may show both colors at the same time, neatly separated left from right by the spine.</span><br />
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<br />Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comNueva York, EE. UU.40.7127837 -74.00594130000001839.942317700000004 -75.296834800000013 41.4832497 -72.715047800000022tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-33215416821678035042017-02-28T08:46:00.001-08:002018-04-11T01:02:11.509-07:00Harmonic Innerprizes Chamae Rose Extract, 2 Ounce by Harmonic Innerprizes<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">
Harmonic Innerprizes Chamae Rose Extract, 2 Ounce by <a href="https://www.harmonicinnerprizes.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Harmonic Innerprizes</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Amazon com</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #424242; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chamae Rose</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #424242;"> is a trade name for<b> Chamaebatiaria millefolium</b>, an herb that grows in the<b> Sierra Nevada</b> Mountains.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It purifies blood, supports liver detox, and promotes radiant skin.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #424242;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #212121;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Chamae Rose es un nombre comercial para <i>Chamaebatiaria millefolium</i>, una hierba que crece en las montañas de Sierra Nevada.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Purifica la sangre, apoya la desintoxicación del hígado, y promueve la piel radiante</span></div>
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other products in amazon.com</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chamae Rose Herbal Extract - Lung Complex by Harmonic Innerprizes</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chamae Rose Liver 4:1 Extract 2 OZ</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Harmonic Innerprizes Chamae Rose Liver Extract, 2 Ounce</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chamae Rose Herbal Extract - Lung Complex</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chamae Rose, 2 fl oz (59 ml) by Harmonic Innerprizes</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Chamae Rose Herbal Extract - Liver Complex</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaebatiaria_glutinosa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chamaebatiaria</a> es un género monotípico de plantas perteneciente a la familia de las rosáceas. Su única especie: <b>Chamaebatiaria</b> glutinosa, es originaria de Norteamérica.</span><br />
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<a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazoncom" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/--jmnQTKkJF0/WLWqNYdy1KI/AAAAAAAAHbo/BncCx8IVydMkgKvW9ptFEo0XSUXTHz_uwCLcB/s400/250px-Chamaebatiaria_millefolium_2.jpg" width="321" /></a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">El nombre del género proviene de su parecido físico con el género <b>Chamaebatia</b>, con el que no está estrechamente relacionado. Esta es una <b>planta</b> <i>peluda</i> y <i>pegajosa</i> cubierta de <b>follaje</b> como de <b>helecho</b>, compuesto por <b>hojas pequeñas</b>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">En los extremos de las <b>ramas</b> de este <b>arbusto</b> erecto se encuentran la inflorescencias de flores blancas parecidas a las <b>rosas</b>. Este arbusto es un residente de los <b>matorrales</b> y <b>bosques</b> en el oeste de América del Norte.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">El pariente más cercano de <b>Spiraeanthus</b>.</span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Chamaebatiaria glutinosa</b> fue descrita por <b>Per Axel Rydberg</b> y publicado en <b>North American Flora</b> 22(3): 258, en el año 1908.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell (2007). «Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae» (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution (en inglés) 266 (1–2): 5-43. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Nótese que esta publicación es anterior al Congreso Internacional de <b>Botánica</b> de 2011 que determinó que la <b>subfamilia</b> combinada, a la que este artículo se refiere como <b>Spiraeoideae</b>, debía denominarse <b>Amygdaloideae</b>.
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<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">multimedia sobre <b style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="extiw" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chamaebatiaria_glutinosa" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="commons:Category:Chamaebatiaria glutinosa">Chamaebatiaria glutinosa</a></b>. <span class="interProject" style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="extiw" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chamaebatiaria_glutinosa" rel="nofollow" style="background: none; border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank" title="commons:Category:Chamaebatiaria glutinosa">Commons</a></span></span></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6677,6709,6710" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Jepson Manual Treatment</span></a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CHMI2" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">USDA Plants Profile</span></a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/chamil/all.html" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Ecology</span></a></li>
<li style="background: none; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="external text" href="http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Chamaebatia+millefolium" rel="nofollow" style="background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("about:blank"); border: 0px; color: #5a3696; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 13px 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Photo gallery</span></a></li>
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<br />Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com44586 Peñarroya de Tastavíns, Teruel, España40.756579 0.03919329999996534840.750565 0.029108299999965347 40.762593 0.049278299999965344tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5322321339434721275.post-35554681060571104032017-02-26T01:45:00.000-08:002018-04-11T00:59:02.785-07:00UN NUEVO MODELO DE FERTILIZACIÓN<h2>
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LA ALTERNATIVA NATURAL PARA LA FERTILIZACIÓN PRODUCTIVA Y SOSTENIBLE.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>CHAMAE</b> es un <b>fertilizante natural </b>certificado para al <b>agricultura ecológica</b> y <b>orgánica</b>, compatible con la <b>agricultura</b> convencional.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Un producto <b>100% NATURAL</b>, que propone el <b>MODELO NATURAL</b>, un modelo productivo pero con énfasis en favorecer modelos <b>naturales</b>, con los siguientes vectores a cumplir:</span></span><br />
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<a href="http://www.biovegen.org/es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Biovegen, logo, chamae, saionaimer" border="0" height="110" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-loASjF-4evc/WLKkEeb1KxI/AAAAAAAAHQ4/3MRZkqG7xYgJw1UWTPQOo1ibsAoSTZsogCLcB/s200/logo-biovegen.png" title="Biovegen, logo, chamae, saionaimer" width="200" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1.- Igualar <b>productividad</b> o superar los modelos convencionales de los <b>fertilizantes</b> de síntesis (<b>minerales</b> y <b><a href="http://sensals.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">químicos</a></b>).</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2.- Favorecer la salud de las <b>plantas</b>.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3.- Recuperar la <i>holística</i> <b>medioambiental</b>; <b>suelo</b> <i>planta</i> y <b>ecosistemas</b> son todo uno.
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4.- Mejorar los productos, la <b>calidad</b> y LOS <b>SABORES de siempre</b>...</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">5.- Recuperar el <b>equilibrio</b> de los <b>ecosistemas</b> favoreciendo el <b>ÉXITO DE LOS CULTIVOS</b>.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-39bzSrqJTiw/WLKeXxDSAZI/AAAAAAAAHQA/SmOoy3kylSYRKVHjxnqtVgZkG8y7DN6IACEw/s1600/logo-saionaimer.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="saionaimer, fertilizantes naturales, naturalmente posible" border="0" height="209" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-39bzSrqJTiw/WLKeXxDSAZI/AAAAAAAAHQA/SmOoy3kylSYRKVHjxnqtVgZkG8y7DN6IACEw/s400/logo-saionaimer.png" title="saionaimer, fertilizantes naturales, naturalmente posible" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">La gama de productos <b>CHAMAE</b> sustituye con éxito a los originados desde recursos naturales, con u producto de origen <b>sostenible</b>, <b>nutriendo</b> a diferentes segmentos: <b>agricultura ecológica</b>, <i>orgánica</i>, de <i>conservación</i>, <b>permacultura</b>, <b>hidroponía</b>, <b>huertos urbanos</b>, <b>agricultura biodinámica</b> y también a la <b>agricultura convencional</b>.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">CERTIFICADO por <a href="http://www.ceres-cert.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CERES</a> Gmbh Certification of Environmental Standards.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4wkh4Tge5B8/WLKeXdEd52I/AAAAAAAAHQY/7L_Of15Z7Eo6H2bSCTj4VMZglpU-G1BygCEw/s1600/h_featured.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="biomimetismo, biodisponibilidad" border="0" height="40" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4wkh4Tge5B8/WLKeXdEd52I/AAAAAAAAHQY/7L_Of15Z7Eo6H2bSCTj4VMZglpU-G1BygCEw/s400/h_featured.png" title="biomimetismo, biodisponibilidad" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Biomimetismo</b> • <b>Biodinámica</b> • <b>Biodisponibilidad</b> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Imitando a la <b>naturaleza</b> en una producción industrial <b>sostenible</b> para obtener un producto eficiente y 100% <b>natural</b> en concepto, modelo y significación en valor añadido para el productor <b>agrícola</b>. </span></span></div>
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IR6QxEMrjug/WLKeYSebfRI/AAAAAAAAHQY/T69c-n48VyEl909EqQRaZftUl7kK6sUXQCEw/s1600/main_img01.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="Saionaimer I+D+I" border="0" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IR6QxEMrjug/WLKeYSebfRI/AAAAAAAAHQY/T69c-n48VyEl909EqQRaZftUl7kK6sUXQCEw/s1600/main_img01.gif" title="Saionaimer I+D+I" /></span></a></div>
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<b style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">300 MILLONES DE AÑOS DE EXPERIENCIA</span></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>CHAMAE</b> y su modelo de <b>Fertilización Natural</b> se basan en los modelos de <b>nutrición</b> <i>vegetal</i> que han hecho posible que las especies <i>vegetales</i> lleven desarrollándose más de 300 millones de años, <b>sin la ayuda del hombre</b>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Nadie tiene más <b>experiencia</b> que la <b>naturaleza</b>, nadie ha avanzado más , ninguna <b>biotecnología</b> es más potente que la propia <i>naturaleza</i>, por ello seguimos su modelo, producimos utilizando la <b>tecnología</b> para imitarla, es el <b>BIOMIMETISMO</b>. </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fao.org/globalsoilpartnership/conviertase-en-socio/es/" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="alianza mundial por el suelo" border="0" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lrn9eSBbP6c/WLKeXS1WW7I/AAAAAAAAHQY/Eb72MZ7v39gOkN1h_iwOyQuln9-iFXTcQCEw/s1600/CHAMAE.2015.FAO.png" title="alianza mundial por el suelo" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;">año internacional de los suelos, 2015</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<b style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">¿Qué es el biomimétismo?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">También conocido como <b>biomímesis</b> o <b>biomimética</b>, el <b>biomimetismo</b> es la metodología que articula el estudio de la <b>naturaleza</b> para replicar sus formas, estructuras y <b>ecosistemas</b> para la obtención de <b>soluciones</b> a los modelos de la realidad económica y productiva.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Es más ventajoso <b><a href="http://construccionesginer.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">estar más cerca de la inteligencia</a></b> y la <b>experiencia</b> de la <b>naturaleza</b>, que tratar de superarla.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">La <b>inspiración en la naturaleza</b> define la base de nuestro <b>futuro</b>, la creación y el conocimiento interdisciplinario, alineado a una conciencia basada en la <b>ciencia</b> y la <i>salud</i> del <b>medio ambiente</b>.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3jt-aZZ06kM/WLKeYvUD9rI/AAAAAAAAHQY/9-F7UWkLOmMtd-xhVYjslOlav0v48zIOACEw/s1600/main_img03.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img alt="noticias, Chamae, Saionaimer" border="0" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3jt-aZZ06kM/WLKeYvUD9rI/AAAAAAAAHQY/9-F7UWkLOmMtd-xhVYjslOlav0v48zIOACEw/s1600/main_img03.gif" title="noticias, Chamae, Saionaimer" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Contacto:</span></div>
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">CHAMAE by </span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">SAIONAIMER, S.L. </span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="https://www.google.de/maps/place/Arrandi+Kalea,+15,+48901+Barakaldo,+Bizkaia,+Espa%C3%B1a/@43.2960712,-2.9857581,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0xd4e5a7a3ab61b7f:0x5c09b9095aef3e34" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arrandi Kalea, 15, bis. </a></span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="https://www.google.de/maps/place/Arrandi+Kalea,+15,+48901+Barakaldo,+Bizkaia,+Espa%C3%B1a/@43.2960712,-2.9857581,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0xd4e5a7a3ab61b7f:0x5c09b9095aef3e34" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">48901 - Barakaldo </a></span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Bizkaia - España </span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Tel.: +34 902 992 332 </span><br />
<span style="color: #424242; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> Fax: +34 902 992 342</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">síguenos en internet:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://es.linkedin.com/in/saionaimer">http://es.linkedin.com/in/saionaimer</a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/organic-fertilizer">http://www.slideshare.net/organic-fertilizer</a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://twitter.com/chamaeeco">https://twitter.com/chamaeeco</a></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/fertilizante.organico"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">https://www.facebook.com/fertilizante.organico</span></a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Enlaces</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.lacomarca.net/saionaimer-produjo-8-millones-de-litros-de-chamae-en-valderrobres/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://www.lacomarca.net/saionaimer-produjo-8-millones-de-litros-de-chamae-en-valderrobres/</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fa4eH-jY0xw/WLKh-463BZI/AAAAAAAAHQo/0Vatl1CB8RcDSEJopfMlwwoja8h1GUZNgCLcB/s1600/valderrobres-saionaimer-1024x680.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Dan Ferrer, Saionaimer Tastavins S.L., Chamae, Valderrobres, Peñarroya de Tastavins" border="0" height="265" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fa4eH-jY0xw/WLKh-463BZI/AAAAAAAAHQo/0Vatl1CB8RcDSEJopfMlwwoja8h1GUZNgCLcB/s400/valderrobres-saionaimer-1024x680.jpg" title="Dan Ferrer, Saionaimer Tastavins S.L., Chamae, Valderrobres, Peñarroya de Tastavins" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Dan Ferrer, <i>faixero</i>, Valderrobres</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">La empresa Saionaimer comercializó 8.000.000 litros de fertilizante orgánico en su planta de Valderrobres durante 2016.</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Se trata del denominado ‘Chamae’ un abono no contaminante y elaborado a base de materia orgánica y que la empresa cuya sede se encuentra en Vizcaya, produce integramente en su planta de Valderrobres.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Fuentes de la empresa no ocultan su optimismo ante la aceptación que el producto está teniendo en el mercado y creen que durante este ejercicio la cifra de producción y comercialización será mayor. Actualmente la empresa tiene clientes en toda España además de exportar a <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/?s=portugal" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Portugal</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazonfr" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Francia</a>, <a href="http://siloscojones.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alemania</a>, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/amazonit" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Italia</a> además de a Perú y en los próximos meses comenzarán a exportar a Chile y Paraguay. «Tenemos buenas previsiones para este año, porque el producto está teniendo muy buena aceptación», explicó Dan Ferrer, responsable de la distribución y producción de la planta valderrobrense.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">De este modo las instalaciones de <b><a href="http://casaferras.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valderrobres</a></b> , <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valdarrores a Beseit</a>, elaboran un fertilizante único en Europa por su origen totalmente <b>orgánico</b>, proveniente de <b>hierbas</b> y <b>plantas</b> y que está arrojando unos resultados muy satisfactorios con buenos rendimientos en los <b>cultivos</b> donde es utilizado.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Para ello, la <b>fábrica</b> se provee directamente de los <b>restos de las plantas</b> ya <b>cosechadas</b> de los <b>invernaderos</b> de <b>Almería</b>, principalmente de <b>pimientos</b> y <b>tomateras</b> y hasta las instalaciones <b><a href="http://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.de/search?q=valderrobres" target="_blank">valderrobrenses</a></b> acuden semanalmente varios <a href="http://beceite.blogspot.com/search?q=cami%C3%B3n" target="_blank">camiones</a> con la materia prima, donde una vez allí, se manipulan a través de procesos y <b>catalizadores</b> también <b>orgánicos</b>. Del mismo modo, una vez producido el <b><i>Chamae</i></b>, es transportado utilizando <b>cubas</b> de 1 metro cúbico de volumen, lo cual facilita el <i>transporte</i> y la <i>manipulación</i> final del <b>agricultor</b>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">La idea surgió hace varios años. un grupo de <b>agricultores</b>, <b>ganaderos</b> y <i>técnicos</i> decidió desarrollar y poner en práctica esta idea que finalmente pudo ser una realidad en el verano de 2015 a través de la empresa vasca. Asimismo, 15 personas trabajan actualmente en las instalaciones de <b>Valderrobres</b>.</span></div>
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<strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Preocupa el retraso en Peñarroya</span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Precisamente la intención es que las instalaciones de la planta de purines de <b><a href="http://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.de/search?q=pe%C3%B1arroya" target="_blank">Peñarroya de Tastavins</a></b>, paradas desde 2013 y que salieron a concurso el año pasado, vayan encaminadas a la producción de <b>Chamae</b>. Para ello, se creó en 2016 la filial del <b>grupo Saionaimer</b> denominada, <b>Saionaimer Tastavins S.L. </b>y que es la encargada de llevar a cabo los trabajos para la puesta en marcha y futura <b>explotación</b> de la <b>planta</b> <b><a href="http://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.de/search?q=pe%C3%B1arroya" target="_blank">peñarrogina</a></b> tras ganar el concurso de externalización. Sin embargo, varios escollos burocráticos y algunos retrasos en la solicitud de la licencia de explotación al Inaga han retrasado la puesta en marcha de la <b>planta</b>, prevista inicialmente para principios de este año.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">A pesar de ello desde la <b><a href="http://chamae.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">empresa</a></b> confían en que la adecuación e inicio de <b>explotación</b> de las <b>instalaciones</b> sea una realidad en los próximos meses. En este caso <b>Saionaimer Tastavins</b> elaboraría el <b>Chamae</b> a partir de los <b>purines</b> de las <b>explotaciones ganaderas</b> del territorio. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: xx-small;">Asimismo, el Departamento de Desarrollo Rural y <b>Sostenibilidad</b> anunció ayer que ultima un decreto para regular la gestión de los <b>purines ganaderos</b> que se presentará al sector a lo largo del próximo mes de marzo.</span><br />
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Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comArrandi Kalea, 15, 48901 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España43.2960712 -2.985758099999998222.7323407 -44.2943521 63.8598017 38.3228359